Quel est vraiment l’efficacité des techno et leur maturité ? Je n’ai pas vraiment toute les réponse mais voilà en tout cas quelques points d’info sur la base des centrales CSP existantes.

CENTRALES SOLAIRES THERMIQUES
– Un système développé par le DLR allemand
– sel de nitrate : graphite + matériaux à changement de phase
– stockage jusqu’à 10 heures, rendement 90%
– limité à 100 kW (mais combien de Wh ??)
– Australie : utilisation de l’air comprimé plutôt

Solar Tres : 6,25 t/16h/600 MWh

MATERIAUX POUR LE STOCKAGE DE L’ENERGIE THERMIQUE DANS LES CENTRALES ELECTROSOLAIRES : Etude du Cofalit
– intérêt : Coût très faible, bonne propriétés générales.
– un peu plus de 2 MJ/m3.K et 107 €/MJ.K => 387 k€/MWh.K. Avec un delta de 300 K, 1,3 k€ pour 1 MWh sur 1800 m3/163t (si mes calculs rapides sont bons, pas garanti)

CSP: Concentrated Solar Power : Research report 2009
Andasol 1 : 28.5 t / 400°C / 1 010 MW.h (cf wp Anbdasol ). 5l eau/kWh.
Solar Millenium : Construction of the Andasol Power Plants
– cover the demand peaks in the Spanish electricity grid during the summer months
– two tanks measuring 14 m in height and 36 m in diameter
– Andasol 1 : 175 GW.h/y
Andasol Solar Power Station | Case Study
– about 178,000 MWh per year, whereas a similar power plant without energy storage would generate only 117,000 MWh, a difference worth as much as $36 million at today’s electricity prices
RWE Andasol 3
Andasol 3 plant also has a thermal storage system, comprising of 30,000 tonnes of a special salt mixture. This can continue to run the turbine for 8 hours at full load
Baseload (24/7) Solar is here!
– MSES is also relatively cheap, clocking in at $50 to $100 per kWh, compared to about $1,000 for a Li-on battery
– Gemasolar is a 17-MW solar power tower plant with 15 hours of molten salt energy storage
– https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_solar_power#Costs
The AndaSol Project p 12, shows dumped power
Wikipedia Andasol costs
– cost around €300 million (US$380 million) to build, totaling about 13% of Andasol’s initial cost
– developers say Andasol’s electricity will cost €0.271
– feed-in tariff of just under €0.27/kW·h for the next 25 years
CleanEnergy : Andasol Solar Power Station | Case Study
– 7.5 hours of a energy storage brings down the project’s LCOE, increases capacity to 38.8%.
– system energy losses of only 5%
– salt is kept liquid at 260 C, heated to 400 C
– steam generator to produce superheated steam for a turbine (similar coal/nuc/gaz)
– Al Kuraymat ISCCS hybrid solar CSP plus combined-cycle natural gas plant
– Solar Millennium bankrupt in December 2011.

Al Kuraymat – Egypt – information
– heat transfer fluid : synthetic oil : heated to 393 °C at 20 bar
– water/steam and oil cycles are closed systems
– severe cyclic operation, rapidly progressing temperature at dawn => constraint on heat exchangers
– Gas Turbine : GE Frame 6FA / Natural Gaz
– Integrated Solar Combined-Cycle : Solar resource partially substitutes the fossil fuel (120 MW combined cycle, 20 MW solar input).

L’utilisation d’un mélange de sels fondus pour le stockage de chaleur, janvier 1980 :
L’état de la technique au moment du lancement du projet Themis. Ne semble pas avoir énormément évolué depuis.